Investimentos na água: como investir na água
Sabemos que a água é a fonte da vida. Mas também pode ser uma fonte de diversificação de portfólio. Parece estranho, mas sabemos, mas lembremo-nos: como o ouro e o petróleo, a água é uma mercadoria – e hoje em dia é bastante escassa. Portanto, como acontece com qualquer outra escassez, a escassez de água cria oportunidades de investimento.
Recursos Hídricos Globais
Cerca de 70% da superfície da Terra é coberta por água, mas 97% dela é água salgada, que é imprópria para uso humano. A água salgada não pode ser usada para beber, irrigação de plantações ou na maioria dos usos industriais. Dos 3% restantes dos recursos hídricos mundiais, apenas cerca de 1% está prontamente disponível para consumo humano.
Global Water Supply
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Global Water Supply
Chart:
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Escassez Global
A rápida industrialização e o aumento do uso agrícola contribuíram para a escassez de água em todo o mundo. As áreas que experimentaram falta de H 2 O incluem China, Egito, Índia, Israel, Paquistão, México, partes da África e dos Estados Unidos (Colorado, Califórnia, Las Vegas e Costa Leste), para citar apenas alguns.
A poluição também destaca a necessidade de água limpa. Nos Estados Unidos, a zona morta da costa do Golfo destaca o impacto do escoamento de fertilizantes, e o éter metil terc-butílico (MTBE), um aditivo na gasolina sem chumbo, pode ser encontrado em poços de água da Califórnia a Maryland. Incidentes no exterior, altamente divulgados na Rússia, China e outros lugares demonstram que a poluição não se limita ao Ocidente. É claro que os suprimentos de água contaminada limitam ainda mais a quantidade de água doce disponível para uso humano.
Índices
Aqui estão alguns dos índices mais populares projetados para rastrear várias oportunidades de investimento relacionadas à água:
- O Dow Jones US Water Index é composto por aproximadamente 29 ações;é um barômetro que consiste em um grande número de empresas nacionais e internacionais afiliadas ao setor de água e com capitalização de mercado mínimade $ 150 milhões.
- O Índice de Água ISE-B & S foi lançado em janeiro de 2006 e esse índice representa a distribuição de água, filtragem de água, tecnologia de fluxo e outras empresas especializadas em soluções relacionadas à água. Ele contém mais de 35 ações.
- O S&P 1500 Water Utilities Index é um subsetor do Standard & Poor’s 1500 Utilities Index;esse índice é composto por apenas duas empresas, American States Water (NYSE:AWR ) e Aqua America (NYSE:WTR ).
- O S&P Global Water Index é umíndice de 11 anos que contém 50 empresas em todo o mundo;seus negócios relacionados à água se enquadram em duas áreas: serviços públicos e infraestrutura e equipamentos e materiais.
O Bloomberg World Water Index e o MSCI World Water Index fornecem uma visão do setor de água de uma perspectiva internacional, embora possa ser bastante difícil encontrar informações atualizadas sobre qualquer um dos índices. Também há uma variedade de índices de serviços públicos que incluem alguns estoques de água.
Como investir em commodities de água
Uma olhada nas participações de qualquer um dos índices de água fornece uma maneira fácil de começar sua busca por oportunidades de investimento adequadas. Empresas, desde a robusta General Electric até a pequena Layne Christensen, estão todas buscando um pedaço do mercado de água. Além das compras diretas de ações, algumas das grandes empresas oferecem planos de reinvestimento de dividendos. As empresas que buscam lucrar com negócios relacionados à água incluem fornecedores de bebidas, serviços públicos, empresas de tratamento / purificação de água e fabricantes de equipamentos, como aqueles que fornecem bombas, válvulas e unidades de dessalinização.
Quando se trata de água engarrafada, o mercado está crescendo internacionalmente. A demanda está crescendo da China ao México, seguindo os passos do aumento na demanda do consumidor nos Estados Unidos. As estimativas sugerem que de 2007 a 2017 o consumo per capita americanode água engarrafada aumentou 45% – o americano médio bebe aproximadamente 42 galões de água engarrafada por ano. Na área de dessalinização, cerca de 150 países dependem atualmente da dessalinização para pelo menos parte de suas necessidades de consumo de água doce.
Se escolha de ações não lhe interessam, ETFs, fundos de investimento e fundos de investimento unidade (UITS) também fornecem muitas oportunidades para investir em água. O ETF Invesco Water Resource Portfolio ( Nasdaq OMX Global Water Index, e o First Trust ISE Water Index Fund (FIW ). Com base na popularidade, novas alternativas estão surgindo lentamente.
Além disso, fundos de investimento de duas unidades especializados em investimentos relacionados à água são o Claymore-Boenning & Scattergood Global Water Equities UIT e o portfólio Claymore-Boenning & Scattergood US Water Equities.
The Bottom Line
Nos últimos anos, assistimos a um aumento da procura de investimentos que visam lucrar com a necessidade de água potável e limpa. Se a tendência continuar – e ao que tudo indica, continuará – os investidores podem esperar ver uma série de novos investimentos que proporcionam exposição a essa mercadoria preciosa e às empresas que a entregam ao mercado. Atualmente, existem várias maneiras de adicionar a exposição à água ao seu portfólio; a maioria simplesmente requer um pouco de pesquisa. Oportunidades para investir neste recurso escasso estão fluindo livremente, então mergulhe!