O que é um modelo de preços microeconômicos?

Um modelo de precificação microeconômica descreve os preços de um bem em um determinado mercado em função da oferta e da demanda. Os modelos microeconômicos de precificação são representações básicas de um mercado individual, mostrando como a quantidade de um bem aumenta à medida que a demanda (e, portanto, o preço) desse bem aumenta. Os modelos de preços microeconômicos ilustram como os mercados individuais buscam o equilíbrio. A busca do equilíbrio entre o preço de um bem e a quantidade ofertada como teoria faz parte da economia clássica. Embora não tenha sido ilustrado em termos de curvas de oferta e demanda com pontos de equilíbrio de preços, a ” mão invisível ” de Adam Smith era uma versão narrativa de um modelo de precificação microeconômica mostrando como a oferta e a demanda em um mercado específico guiarão os participantes concorrentes a um preço de equilíbrio.

Compreendendo os modelos de preços microeconômicos

Os modelos de precificação microeconômicos mais básicos têm preço no eixo y e quantidade no eixo x. A linha de oferta e a linha de demanda se cruzam no meio do gráfico, formando um X perfeito com equilíbrio no meio. Este tipo de modelo de precificação microeconômica é uma simplificação exagerada, é claro, e a maioria dos modelos traça pontos de preços diferentes, sobrepondo várias curvas de demanda ao longo da linha de fornecimento para ilustrar como a demanda crescente pode mover a oferta para cima em um mercado com pontos de preços estimados.

Law of Supply and Demand

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Law of Supply and Demand

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